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清朝未年,统治阶级内部经过二次对外战争失败的刺激,促使了思想上的分化。于是一部分人便逐渐从顽固派中分化出来,形成洋务派。在洋务派的活动中,最主要的是建立军事工业。1861年,曾国藩创设安庆军械所。1862年,李鸿章在英国人马格里的支持下创办了上海洋炮局,建设新式厂房。1865年李鸿章将苏州洋炮局迁到南京,并加以扩充,建成金陵机器局,它是洋务派在江南一带最早建造的一批近代工业建筑。目前金陵机器局还遗留有1866年建造的机器大厂等一批
In the last year of the Qing dynasty, the stimuli inside the ruling class after the failure of the second foreign war prompted the ideological division. As a result, some people gradually diverged from the die-hards to form the Westernization School. In the activities of the Westernization Movement, the most important thing is to establish a military industry. In 1861, Zeng Guofan created the Anqing Ordnance Institute. In 1862, Li Hongzhang founded the Shanghai Offshore Artillery Agency with the support of the British Magiri, building a new factory building. In 1865, Li Hongzhang moved the Suzhou Foreign Artillery Bureau to Nanjing and expanded it to build the Jinling Machinery Bureau. It was the earliest modern industrial building built by the Westernization School in the Jiangnan area. At present, the Jinling Machinery Bureau still has a batch of machine manufacturers built in 1866, etc.