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Mechanical quality factor of alternating field induced resonant individual cantilevered zinc oxide nanowire is measured by in situ transmission electron microscopy.Due to the piezoelectric effect of the nanowire,decreasing quality factors (from about 2200 to 100)have been observed corresponding to increasing ratios of resonant vibration amplitude to length(from 0.2 to 1.2),showing supporting options to applications of piezoelectric nanowire as nanogenerators or nanosensors.