Gardenia florida is planted around China which belongs to Rubiaceae plants.Its fruit is not only a kind of traditional medicine herb,but also the materials to extract the food pigment Gardenia yellow.Fruit oil is the by-product of Gardenia yellow pigment production.In order to fully develop Gardenia florida and rationally use fruit oil,the physical and chemical properties of Gardenia florida fruit oil were determined according to GB methods,and the chemical composition of oil was studied with GC-MS analysis in this study.The extract yield of fruit oil is 20.71 percent.The Gardenia florida fruit oil obtained is a yellow sticky liquid with the special Gardenia flavor.