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Background and objective: Cerebral infarction is a common disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. Its occurrence and development are attributable to multiple factors. Atherosclerosis is the important pathological basis of cerebral infarction. The conventional risk factors of cerebral infarction include advanced age, high blood pressure, diabetes, and high blood lipids. However, many patients do not have these risk factors. Recent studies have shown that hyperhomocysteinemia may be an important independent risk factor of atherosclerosis-like vascular disease. An increased plasma level of homocysteine（Hcy） can lead to endothelial cell injury and promote vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and platelet aggregation, resulting in atherosclerosis. Hcy and high sensitivity C-reactive protein（hs-CRP） are independent risk factors of atherosclerosis. These two indicators help evaluate the risk of developing related diseases and the severity of the diseases in time and have been gradually accepted and recognized. An increasing number of studies have recently reported the correlation between plasma cysteine（Cys） C, Hcy, D-dimer（D-D）, and hs-CRP levels and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction. Little is documented about the correlation between plasma Cys C, Hcy, hs-CRP and D-D levels and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction. In this study, we detected plasma levels of these four indices in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction and correlated them with carotid atherosclerosis. Methods:（1） Fifty patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction who received treatment between December 2015 and October 2017 in the wards of Department of Brain Disease of Gansu Province Hospital Rehabilitation Center and Lanzhou Petrochemical General Hospital, China were included in this study. According to the results of color Doppler ultrasonography, 50 patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction were divided into a plaque group（n = 35） and a non-plaque group（n = 15）. These 35 patients with plague were subdivided into an unstable plaque group（n = 20） and a stable plaque group（n = 15）. Plasma levels of Hcy, hs-CRP, D-D and Cys C in these groups were determined. All patients met the China Acute Ischemic Stroke Diagnosis and Treatment Guide 2010. All of them were admitted within 2 days after ACI onset. They had identified focal nervous system damage signs and symptoms. ACI was finally diagnosed by cranial MRI or CT images in all patients. Patients with any of the following conditions were excluded from this study: cerebral hemorrhage, cardiogenic cerebral embolism or cerebral infarction caused by other factors.（2） Specimen determination: blood sampling was performed within 24 hours after onset. Precisely, 5 m L morning fasting blood was collected from each patient for indicator determination using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Precisely, plasma level of Hcy was determined using enzy