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To reveal the tolerance and molecular mechanism of one rice rhizosphere bacterial Pseudomonas to cadmium stress, proteomic approach was applied to analyze the differently expression of proteins under the treatment of cadmium concentration at 300 mg·L-1.The results showed that there were 57 proteins differently expressed in this experiment, including 42 intracellular proteins and 15 extracellular proteins.According to the biological functions of those identified proteins, there were 28 proteins involved in amino acid and nucleotide metabolism;7 proteins related to glucose metabolism;8 proteins bound up with stress response;4 proteins related with immune response;2 proteins refered to ethanol metabolic;2 proteins belongs to signal transduction;2 proteins considered as material transport;3 proteins participate in electron transport;and the rest proteins touched upon other metabolic pathway.The expressions of 17 intracellular proteins were up-regulated, including Putative ClpA/B protease ATP binding subunit,pyruvate dehydrogenase subunit E1, acetyl-CoA synthetase, probable isocitrate lyase, NAD+ dependent acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, fumarylacetoacetase,glutaryl-CoAdehydrogenase(two spots), GTP cycolhydrolasell/3,4-dihydroxy-2-buanone-4-phosphate synthase, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, OprF, branch-chain amino acid aminotransferase, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, DsbA, peroxidase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase Ndk.25 intracellular proteins were down-regulated, they are phosphatase(two spots), 30S ribosomal protein S1, Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase, arginine deiminase(two spots),elongation factor Tu, Anaerobically-induced outer membrane porin OprE precursor, branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter, Putative isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, OprF, alcohol dehydrogenase,carbamate kinase, ABC transporter permease protein, amino acid(lysine/arginine/ornithine/histidine/octopine) ABC transporter periplasmic binding protein,succinate dehydrogenase subunit B, probable iron-sulfur protein, Chain X, Crystal Structure Of The Outer Membrane Protein Oprg From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, peroxidase, Transcription elongation factor GreA, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, dna-binding stress protein, ssDNA binding protein(two spots), PilA.Besides, 12 extracellular proteins were up-regulated, including polynucleotide phosphorylase, chaperonin GroEL, Outer membrane protein OprF, ABC transporter periplasmic protein, TonB-dependent receptor, dehydrogenase, peroxidase(three spots),lipid-binding START domain-containing protein, Chain D, Azurin(two spots).Meanwhile, 3 extracellular proteins were down-regulated, they are molecular chaperone DnaK, 30S ribosomal protein S1 and flagellin.These not only provide theoretical evidence for understanding the strains mechanism of cadmium resistant strain tolerance, but also provide a new idea for the cadmium contaminated soil remediation and the cultivation of new varieties rice.