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Peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) specifically binds to peptidoglycan (PGN) and plays an important role as pattern recognition receptors in the innate immunity of insect.The cDNA of a short type PGRP, an open reading flame (ORF) of 588 bp encoding a polypeptide of 196 amino acids, was cloned from Bombyx mori.A phylogenetie tree was constructed and the results showed that BmPGRP-S2 was most similar to Drosophila Melanogaster DmPGRP-SA.The induced expression profile of BmPGRP-S2 in healthy, Escherichia coli-, Bacillus subtilis-and Saccharomyces cerevisia-challenged B.mori was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis.The expression of BmPGRP-S2 was up-regulated at 24 h either by E.coli or B.subtilis or S.cerevisia challenge.The results indicated that BmPGRP-S2 was involved in the immune response of the silkworm, Bombyx mori against microorganism infection.