一、前言 相界面的传热、传质过程往往伴随着流体内部的对流运动。由界面张力(表面张力)驱动的流体流动,对于热、质交换的强化起着重要作用。人们对于平板上水平液膜,流体介质中的液滴等现象进行了广泛的研究,揭示了许多表面张力驱动流动的性质,以及它与传热、传质的关系。对于水平平板上厚度小于1mm的薄液膜,液膜内的流动主要是由于温差引起的表面张力梯度触发的Bénard细胞流。实验研究发现:在水平平板上蒸发的液滴内也会出现Bénard细胞流。但是,液滴与液膜存在形状上的差异,故内部流动形式也将不同。若把小接触角的液滴看作是各处厚度不等的液膜,可以预见滴内的细胞 First, the preface Phase heat transfer, mass transfer process is often accompanied by convection within the fluid movement. Fluid flow driven by interfacial tension (surface tension) plays an important role in the enhancement of heat and mass exchange. Many studies have been conducted on the horizontal liquid film on the flat plate and the droplet in the fluid medium, revealing the properties of many surface tension-driven flow and its relationship with heat and mass transfer. For thin films with a thickness of less than 1 mm on horizontal plates, the flow in the liquid film is mainly due to the Bénard cell flow triggered by the surface tension gradient caused by the temperature difference. Experimental studies have found that Bénard cell flow also occurs within droplets evaporated on a horizontal plate. However, there is a difference in shape between the droplet and the liquid film, so the internal flow pattern will also be different. If the small contact angle of the droplets as varying thickness around the liquid film can be predicted within the cells