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Universities throughout the world increasingly are in competition with each other for the best students，faculties,resources，and reputation.Even in national higher education systerns that emphasize equality among their universities,such as in the Netherlands and Finland，universities now compete with each other for international and sometimes domestic students，research money from national govemment or multination entities such as the European Union，stipends for their doctoral students，and faculties(Gornitzka & Maassen，2000).