Mesoporous materials have bccn intensively studied with regard to technical applications as catalysts and catalyst supports.In which, mesoporous alumina has been extensively used as advanced catalysts and catalyst supports due to its low cost, good ther mal stability and high specific surface area.For specific applications, the mesoporous properties, such as the surface area, the pore size and pore volume of the support, have a large impact on the catalytic effect.Therefore, great efforts are made to produce porous alumina with tailored properties to suit different applications using anionic, cationic or non-ionic surfactants as structure directing a gents.According to this purpose, 1-D alumina, such as microfibers and nanorod, et al, with mesoporous structure were synthe sized by a facile hydrothermal and thermal decomposition route.The as obtained products were well characterized by XRD,SEM, TEM (HRTEM), SAED and N2 adsorption-desorption measurement.It was shown that the morphology, structure and surface area can be well tailored by using the different surfactants and post-treatment processes.On the other hand, the application of these materials on the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO was also studied.