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In this work, a series of Al-Al4C3, Mg-Al4C3 and Al-Mg-Al4C3 master alloys were developed for refining α-Mg grains and their nucleating mechanism were also investigated.The master alloys exhibit a remarkable and long-acting refining effect on both binary Mg-Al, ternary Mg-Al-Zn and Mg-Al-Mn alloys.