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There has been almost one or two emerging infectious diseases reported for every one or two years in China since SARS epidemic 2003.The causative pathogens included Streptococcus suis sequence type 7,Anaplasma phagocytophilum,Neisseria meningitides sequence type 4821 complex(serogroup C),Shigella flexneri serotype Xv,avian influenza virus H5N1 and H7N9,H1N1 influenza virus and new bunyavirus.The main factors common to the emergence of those emerging infectious diseases are human behavior and ecological changes.This information is critical to developing targeted strategies aimed at preventing and controlling these potentially deadly infectious diseases.