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This study tries to explore the value of Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM) in the evaluation of articular cartilage (AC) early degeneration through proteoglycans-depletion monitoring.Twenty cartilagebone samples were prepared from normal porcines femoral condyle cartilages and were digested with 0.35% trypsin solution for 1 hour.The dynamic process of the digestion was monitors using an UBM system with 55MHz center frequency.The change of content and structure induced by proteoglycans-depletion were assessed using B-mode image.Quantitative ultrasound parameters (R,Rbone and URI) were calculated.The results showed that UBM can penetrate tissue to provide a subsurface image of cartilage; B-mode ultrasound image showed that the early PG-depletion had not induced structural change of the AC samples.Ultrasound reflection coefficient of the AC surface (R) showed no significant change before and after 60min trypsin digestion (from 3.66±1.53% to 3.83± 1.57%,p<0.05).In contrast,reflection coefficient of the cartilage-bone interface (Rbone) was significantly lower after 60min degeneration (from 11.59 ± 1.55% to 9.57± 1.61%,P<0.05).Cartilage surface roughness (URI) showed no significant change during this process (P<0.05).