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Human genome is pervasively transcribed and a majority of the transcriptional output does not encode for proteins.Many of these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)are originated as or processed into small RNAs including siRNAs,miRNAs and piRNAs.These small RNAs are master regulators of protein coding genes and the regulation is mainly realized in the cytoplasm via the RNA interference (RNAi)and related mechanisms which depend on the Argonaute (AGO) proteins and lead to posttranscriptional silencing of target genes.