Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are antimicrobial peptides with binding and neutralizing activities to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in crustaceans.crustaceans. This study identified and characteriz
Apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c (CYC) are two mitochondrial apoptogenic factors.In the present study,the full-length cDNA sequences of AIF (LvAIF) and CYC (LvCYC) were cloned from Pac
Copper,a common chemical contaminant in aquatic environment,is known to be toxic to aquatic life at high concentrations.Previous studies have demonstrated copper-induced structure damages in gill and
The metabolic and immunological responses of the juvenile Australian red claw crayfish to nitrite and the ameliorating effects of chloride were evaluated,and an effective chloride concentration to pre
C-type lectins (CTLs) play important roles in the innate immunity of invertebrates.Although several reports showed that CTLs importantly functions in host-pathogen interactions,limited research has fo