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This paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to estimate the efficiency of Chinas exchange-listed commercial banks and uses panel data regression to analyze factors of Chinas commercial banks efficiency.The results show that the overall efficiency of state-owned commercial banks is higher than the joint-stock commercial banks;there is inverted "U" shaped relationship between capital adequacy and liquidity ratios and efficiency of commercial banks;it is a significant negative correlation between asset quality and efficiency of commercial banks;it is a significant positive correlation between profitability and commercial bank efficiency;management ability only affects joint-stock commercial banks significantly.