１　前言在石油化工等行业广泛使用着冷换设备，其管束通常走高温、高压带有腐蚀性的介质，而壳层通常为冷换介质如水、空气等，在设备使用过程中，管束往往易于损坏，浮头式和Ｕ型管式换热器通常通过更换芯子来达到继续使用的目的，而固定式换热器只能整体更换，造成了浪费， 1 Introduction Cold-exchange equipment is widely used in the petrochemical industry. The tube bundle usually takes high-temperature and high-pressure corrosive media. The shell is usually a cold exchange medium such as water and air. During the use of the equipment, the tube bundle tends to be easy Damaged, floating and U-tube heat exchangers are usually replaced by the core to achieve the purpose of continued use, while the fixed heat exchanger can only be replaced as a whole, resulting in waste,