Bio-based polymers are the polymers which are derived from renewable resources (Figure 1).Some research progress on bio-based polymers at Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering (NIMTE),Chinese Academy of Sciences will be reviewed.The research includes development of starch filled polylactic acid composites, itaconic acid based epoxy resins, rosin based thermoplastic polyurethanes, and so on.The results indicate that the bio-based polymers show superior properties and have potential to replace petroleum-based polymers.