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The multifunctional mammalian protein YB-1 is a member of the large DNA-and RNA-binding protein family with an evolutionarily ancient cold-shock domain.It is involved in numerous DNA-and mRNA-dependent events and regulates gene expression at various levels.In the cell nucleus, YB-1 functions as transcription factor interacting with Y-box m promoters and enchancers of a number of genes.In particular, YB-1 was shown to regulate the activity of the multidrug resistance (MDR) genes MDR1 and LRP.Our previous results showed that tumor cells characterized by MDR demonstrated increased number of the cells with nuclear localization of YB-1.