The incidence of cancer disease is increasing with more than 14 million new cases each year worldwide.Despite real progress made in recent years, many types of tumours (such us lung cancers) are diagnosed at a late stage, are inoperable, and have poor outcomes with drug or radiation therapies.Early diagnosis is the most rational way to improve the overall efficacy of care for cancer patients, since early detection confers the highest chance of survival.The cornerstone will then become personalized treatment after curative surgery.Important questions such as whether or not patients should receive adjuvant treatments and if so, which type of therapy, are the questions that medical community and drag industry are trying to address worldwide.The conference will outline the major trends currently accepted by the medical community and will present the experience of Institut Gustave Roussy in France.These combine medical expertise and major efforts towards improving technologies, together with networking in Europe and worldwide, since such challenges can no longer be addressed by a single Institution.Only rational cooperation and synergistic efforts in the advancement of science and technology developments will bring significant improvements to the care of cancer patients.The conference will present examples of advances in personalized cancer care in the field of human melanomas, breast and lung cancers.