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氨茶碱可以松弛支气管平滑股,缓解支气管痉挛和粘膜充血水肿,效果显著,是治疗慢性支气管炎及气喘的优良药物。但是它也有副反应,特别是可能兴奋心脏,使心肌耗氧量增加,从而引起心悸。 老年人的各种脏器功能有所衰退,药物在体内代谢、分解、排泄的能力降低了,所以对药物的反应更为敏感,容易中毒。氨茶碱中毒可表现显烦躁、呕吐、忧郁、心律紊乱及血压急骤下降。肌内注射时,可能局部剧烈疼痛;静脉注射可能发生严重心律失常、惊厥,甚至导致死亡。 老年人如果服用氨茶碱,一定要从小剂量开始试用,再逐步增加剂量。冠心病患者应慎用。低血压者及甲状腺机能亢进患者,以不用为好。
Aminophylline can relax the smooth bronchial unit, relieve bronchial spasm and mucosal congestion and edema, the effect is remarkable, is an excellent drug for the treatment of chronic bronchitis and asthma. But it also has side effects, in particular, may be excited heart, so that myocardial oxygen consumption increased, causing heart palpitations. Elderly organ dysfunction has declined, the drug metabolism in the body, decomposition, excretion reduced capacity, so the response to the drug is more sensitive and easy to poisoning. Aminophylline poisoning can be manifested irritability, vomiting, depression, cardiac arrhythmias and sudden drop in blood pressure. Intramuscular injection may cause severe local pain; intravenous injection may occur serious arrhythmia, convulsions, and even lead to death. If the elderly take aminophylline, we must start trial from a small dose, and then gradually increase the dose. Coronary heart disease patients should be used with caution. Hypotension and hyperthyroidism patients, not to use as well.