“衙门”制度是俄国十六、十七世纪时期实行的重要政治体制。在俄国中央集权化过程中起过重要作用,苏联史学家对此问题曾作过较为深入的研究,但我国史学界了解甚少,本文仅就这一问题作初步探讨。一根据苏联史学界的研究,俄国的衙门制度产生于十五世纪末十六世纪初。形成于十六世纪中期。十七世纪达到其繁荣阶段。到十八世纪基本上完成了自己的历史使命,而开始走向衰微。 The Yamen system is an important political system practiced in Russia during the 16th and 17th centuries. Played an important role in the process of centralization of Russia. Soviet historians made a more in-depth study on this issue, but there is little understanding in China’s historiography. This article only makes a preliminary study on this issue. According to a study by Soviet historians, the Yamen system in Russia originated in the late 15th and early 16th century. Formed in the mid-sixteenth century. Seventeenth Century reached its stage of prosperity. By the 18th century, it basically completed its historical mission and began to decline.