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对于美国,一项趋向明智、目标广泛的工业政策不仅有其“内涵意义”,亦具有“实际效力”。它涉及了现实社会经济的各种关系和问题,并且能够付诸实施。而一项狭隘工业政策,特别是那种带有中央计划或指导经济色彩的政策却是难以奏效的。在一个成熟的工业化社会,关键问题不仅在于效率与生产率,而且在于人的价值,尤其是谋求自由,谋求一种生产性和创造性的生活及其人类尊严的权利。美国是否应制定一项工业化政策已不再成为基本问题,因为它以往拥有了一个工业政策。问题是美国应积极地推行什么样的工业政策,以加强市场体系和最为有效地完善社会福利。
For the United States, a trend-oriented and broad-based industrial policy has not only its “connotative meaning” but also “practical effectiveness.” It covers the various socio-economic realities and problems of the realities and can be put into practice. A narrow industrial policy, especially one with central planning or directing economic colors, can hardly work. In a mature industrialized society, the key issue lies not only in efficiency and productivity, but also in the values of humanity, in particular the right to freedom and the pursuit of a productive and creative life and human dignity. Whether the United States should formulate an industrialization policy is no longer a fundamental issue because it has in the past owned an industrial policy. The question is what kind of industrial policy should the United States actively pursue to strengthen the market system and improve social welfare most effectively.