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高标准基本农田建设地既要符合建设的内涵和要求,又要实际考虑研究区基础设施和社会经济条件。为了科学合理地进行综合评价和时序研究,论文以沈阳市沈北新区为例,借鉴美国土地评价与立地分析(LESA)思想,根据自身限制条件和耕地质量更新成果进行综合质量评价,自然质量因素选取有机质含量及土壤质地等,立地条件因素从基础设施条件和社会经济条件两方面选取,基础设施条件主要选取灌溉保证率、排水条件等,社会经济条件主要选取单位面积投入及农业技术人员投入等。在评价结果的基础上采用自然断点法与K-均值聚类法相结合的方法划分建设时序。结果表明,近期建设区占研究区的43.95%,主要进行农田基础设施建设,致力建设设施完备、高产稳产的现代化农田;中期建设区占研究区的25.01%,以提升自然质量为主导建设方向,建立协调发展的高产农田;远期建设区占研究区的31.04%,应全面展开建设,以提升农田综合质量达到高标准基本农田建设标准。
The construction of high standard basic farmland not only conforms to the connotation and requirements of construction, but also actually considers the infrastructure and socio-economic conditions of the study area. In order to carry on the comprehensive evaluation and time series research scientifically and rationally, the paper takes Shenbei New District of Shenyang City as an example, draws lessons from the idea of the United States Land Evaluation and Site Analysis (LESA), carries on the comprehensive quality evaluation according to the self-limited condition and the cultivated land quality renewal achievement, the natural quality factor Select the organic matter content and soil texture, site conditions from the basic conditions of infrastructure and social and economic conditions selected from two aspects of infrastructure conditions, the main choice of irrigation guarantee rate, drainage conditions, social and economic conditions, the main input unit area and input of agricultural technicians . Based on the evaluation results, the construction sequence is divided by the method of natural breakpoint method and K-means clustering method. The results showed that the recent construction area accounted for 43.95% of the study area, mainly for farmland infrastructure construction, and dedicated to building modernized farmland with complete facilities and high and stable output. The mid-term construction area accounted for 25.01% of the study area, with the promotion of natural quality as the leading construction direction, The coordinated development of high-yielding farmland shall be established. The long-term construction area accounts for 31.04% of the study area and construction should be carried out in an all-round way so as to improve the comprehensive quality of farmland and achieve the standard of high-standard basic farmland construction.