生物的杂种优势普遍存在。异花授粉作物玉米、高粱的杂种优势早已在生产上大面积应用。近些年来自花授粉作物杂种水稻也已用于生产,对提高产量都起到了巨大作用。目前唯独主要作物小麦的杂种优势还没有在生产上大面积应用。其原因是小麦为自花授粉作物,靠人工授粉产生大量的杂交种供大面积生产应用困难较大,或者说是不可能的。所以一些育种家往往采用三系配套方式培育出杂种小麦在生产上试种。这一方式需要繁殖不育系、配制杂交种,手续较为复杂。为了使制种简单化,优势不受异型胞质影响,有些育种家已开始进行化学杀雄配制杂 The biological heterosis is ubiquitous. Cross-pollinated crops corn, sorghum heterosis already in large-scale production applications. In recent years, hybrid rice from flower pollination has also been used for production, which has played a huge role in increasing yield. At present, the only dominant crop wheat heterosis has not yet been widely applied in production. The reason is that wheat is a self-pollination crop. It is difficult or impossible to produce a large number of hybrids by artificial pollination for large area production. Therefore, some breeders often adopt the three-line supporting methods to cultivate hybrid wheat in the trial production. This method requires the breeding of sterile lines, preparation of hybrids, the procedure is more complicated. In order to simplify the seed production, the advantage is not affected by the abnormal cytoplasm, and some breeders have begun chemical killing male preparation