论文部分内容阅读
德雷福斯事件引发了法国知识分子的分裂,知识分子的党派化倾向日益明显。朱利安·班达将这种知识分子的党派化倾向称之为“知识分子的背叛”。班达为知识分子放弃对抽象的、普遍的人类道德的捍卫而感到痛心,但是他并没有意识到知识分子的政治化有着更为深刻的社会经济根源。并且,对于知识分子或者作家来说,仅仅意识到自己的阶级性也是不够的。左翼知识分子只是作为自己阶级的背叛者出现的,他绝不可能完全成为无产阶级中的一员。在这种情况下,左翼作家必须通过改进自己的写作技术来调动无产阶级的阶级意识,他必须作为一个文学生产关系中的技术操作者才能发挥作用。而这正是超现实主义文学带给我们的启示。
The Dreyfus incident triggered the split of French intellectuals and their tendency to become more partisan became increasingly evident. Julian Banda calls this tendency of the partisanship of intellectuals “the betrayal of intellectuals.” Banda was saddened by intellectual abandonment of the abstract and universal human morality, but he did not realize that the politicization of intellectuals had a more profound socio-economic root cause. And for intellectuals or writers, merely recognizing their own class nature is not enough. The left-wing intellectuals have just emerged as betrayal of one’s own class, and he can by no means completely become a member of the proletariat. Under such circumstances, the left-wing writer must arouse the class consciousness of the proletariat by improving his writing skills. He must play a role as a technical operator in a literary production relationship. And this is exactly what the surrealistic literature has given us.