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研究大分子链的凝聚从溶液考虑比较合适。溶液从稀溶液向亚浓、浓溶液的转变过程,本质上就是分子链从孤立单链状态向多链穿透、关联、缠结、凝聚的过程,称其为溶致凝聚过程。分子链溶致凝聚的类型十分丰富,包括凝聚成无定形态、结晶态和溶胶-凝胶转变等,讨论了这些过程中分子链溶致凝聚的特点。简要介绍了分子链凝聚过程涉及的基本物理问题:多体问题、复杂关联效应、平均场近似、临界指数,以及研究溶致凝聚的重要方法——标度律方法。
Study of the aggregation of macromolecular chains from the solution is more appropriate. Solution from dilute solution to sub-concentrated, concentrated solution of the process of change, in essence, is the molecular chain from isolated single-stranded state to the multi-chain penetration, correlation, entanglement, aggregation process, called the lyotropic condensation process. The types of molecular chains that are caused by aggregation are very rich, including the aggregation into amorphous, crystalline and sol-gel transitions, and the characteristics of the solution-induced aggregation of these chains are discussed. The basic physical problems involved in the molecular chain condensation process are briefly introduced: the multibody problem, the complex correlation effect, the mean field approximation, the critical index, and the important method for studying the lytic aggregation - the scaling law method.