要提高体育课的教学质量,必须遵循青少年心理和生理发展的客观规律。 一、抓课前注意力,作好课的准备部分 运用无意注意组织教学。无意注意是没有预定目的,也不需要什么意志努力,是自然而然发生的注意。体育教学的特点之一是在室外进行,因此来自外界的影响和干扰较多。像场地、器材设备、气温、阳光等等都能使学生的注意力分散。为了使学生的注意力保持集中,教师在开课时要防止外界条件的刺激,如站队时尽量与其它班级保持一定的距离,要背光、背风,避免外界条件分散学生的注意力。在课的开始部分,一般是进行常规练习,单一化会使学生感到枯燥,失去兴趣,因此要经常变化练习信号和内容。如原地转法可按口令的反方向转;行进间转法也可如此,听哨音在跑步中突然下蹲等,可大大提高学生兴趣,引起无意注意。 To improve the teaching quality of physical education classes, we must follow the objective laws of psychological and physiological development of adolescents. First, pay attention to class and make preparations for the lesson. Use unintentional attention to organize teaching. Unintentional attention is not intended, nor does it require any hard work. It is naturally occurring attention. One of the characteristics of physical education teaching is that it is conducted outdoors, so the influence and interference from the outside are more. Like venues, equipment, temperatures, and sunlight can all distract students. In order to keep the students’ attention focused, teachers should prevent the external conditions from stimulating during the course of classes. For example, when standing in a team, they should try to maintain a certain distance from other classes, and they must use backlights and leewards to avoid distracting students’ attention from outside conditions. At the beginning of the lesson, general exercises are usually performed. The simplification will make the students feel boring and lose their interest. Therefore, the practice signal and content must be constantly changed. For example, the method of in-place transfer can be reversed in the direction of the password; it can also be used to transfer between marches, and hearing whistles can suddenly increase their interest in the game and cause unintentional attention.