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本文对内蒙古锡林郭勒退化典型草原围封样地,1983年围封禁牧区域(A样地)、1996年围封禁牧区域(B样地)和未围封的自由放牧区(C样地)的访花昆虫群落多样性及时序特征、访花频率进行了研究。结果表明:在3个样地共采集到访花昆虫成虫标本2131头,隶属7目71科,共183种;其中,A样地有7目60科154种1133头,B样地有6目59科158种847头,C样地有3目13科21种151头;A样地访花昆虫的数量最多,B样地访花昆虫的种类最多,C样地访花昆虫的种类与数量均最少;B样地7月份的访花昆虫Shannon多样性指数(3.12)、Pielou均匀度指数(0.86)和Margalef丰富度指数(7.16)均最高;C样地6月份的访花昆虫Berger-Parker优势度指数(0.15)最高。访花昆虫的Shannon多样性指数与Pielou均匀度指数随月份的变化趋势一致,而与Berger-Parker优势度指数相反;通过Jaccard群落相似性系数计算可知,A样地与B样地的访花昆虫Jaccard群落相似性系数(0.25)最高;A样地与C样地的访花昆虫群落相似性系数(0.16)最低;不同样地各月份的优势开花植物的优势访花昆虫不同,访花频率也不同。
In this paper, the degraded typical grassland in Xilinguole, Inner Mongolia was sampled. In 1983, the enclosed grazing ban area (A site), the enclosed grazing ban area (B site) and the uncovered free grazing area (C site) in 1996 Flower insect community diversity and timing characteristics, frequency of visiting flowers were studied. The results showed that 2131 specimens of adult pollinators were collected in 3 plots, belonging to 7 orders and 71 families, with a total of 183 species. There were 7 orders, 60 families, 154 species and 1133 heads in sample A, 6 orders 59 families of 158 species and 847 heads, C samples of 3 orders, 13 families and 21 species and 151 heads; the highest number of visiting flowers in the sample A, the largest number of visiting flowers in the B sample, the species and number of visiting flowers in the C sample The Shannon index (3.12), Pielou evenness index (0.86) and Margalef richness index (7.16) of the pollinators in July were the highest in the B sample. The pollinator Berger-Parker The dominance index (0.15) is the highest. The Shannon’s diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index of the pollinators coincided with the change trend of the month, but contrary to the Berger-Parker’s dominance index. According to the similarity coefficient calculation of the Jaccard community, the pollinators The similarity coefficient of Jaccard community was the highest (0.25). The similarity coefficient (0.16) of visiting pollinators community was the lowest in A plot and C plot. The dominant flowering insects in different plots in different months had different visiting pollinators, different.