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目的研究飞行训练对飞行学员下丘脑－垂体－性腺轴功能的影响，以及与飞行人员常见病的内在联系。方法选择飞行基础学院毕业学员和飞行学院完成初教机训练和高教机训练阶段的学员２５１名，检测其血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、睾酮（Ｔ）、催乳素（ＰＲＬ）、卵泡刺激素（ＦＳＨ）和黄体生成素（ＬＨ）５项指标，观察在不同训练阶段它们的分泌水平，以了解飞行训练环境下血清性腺激素水平的变化。结果各学员组Ｅ２、Ｔ、ＰＲＬ、ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ、Ｅ２／Ｔ比值均有不同程度的改变，表明飞行学员下丘脑－垂体－性腺轴存在多层次的功能失调，不但有靶腺功能失调，下丘脑和垂体也存在一定程度的功能改变，并尤以Ｅ２、Ｔ、Ｅ２／Ｔ比值改变较为突出。各学员组性激素水平和自身对照比较，其变化呈递增趋势，并随训练项目变化、机种改变、飞行时间延长、飞行强度加大和飞行科目复杂程度而逐渐加强。结论飞行因素引起的性腺轴激素分泌失调与飞行人员常见病有内在联系，在飞行群体常见病防治中要注意观察性腺轴变化，调整性腺激素的平衡。
Objective To study the effect of flight training on the function of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis of pilots and its inherent relationship with common pilots. Methods Totally 251 students who completed the training of primary machine and high machine training in flight college graduates and flight institutes were enrolled in this study. Serum estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), prolactin (PRL), follicle stimulating hormone FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The levels of their secretion at different training stages were observed to understand the changes of serum gonadal hormones in flight training environment. Results The ratios of E2, T, PRL, LH, FSH and E2 / T in the trainees varied with different degrees, indicating that the pilots had multiple levels of dysfunction in the hypothalamus - pituitary - gonadal axis. Thalamus and pituitary also have a certain degree of functional changes, especially in the E2, T, E2 / T ratio changes are more prominent. The levels of sex hormones in each trainee group showed an increasing trend compared with that of self-control group, and gradually increased with the changes in training programs, aircraft types, flight duration, flight strength and the complexity of flight subjects. Conclusions The flight-induced gonadal axis hormonal imbalance is intrinsically linked to common pilots. Pay attention to observe the gonadal axis changes and adjust the balance of gonadal hormones in the prevention and treatment of common flying groups.