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集装箱运输和集装箱船舶及码头的兴建在欧美工业发达国家始於本世纪六十年代。由於它在提高运输效率、减少货损货差、保护港口环境整洁等许多方面具有突出的优越性,发展速度很快。现在这些国家件杂货中的适箱货(可装入集装箱运输的货物)几乎都用集装箱运输了。进入七十年代以后,亚洲的日本、新加坡、韩国、香港、台湾等国家和地区集装箱运输及其港口码头的发展也突飞猛进,并后来居上。据一九九五年世界港口吞吐量的统计资料,香港、新加坡、高雄、釜山港的集装箱吞吐量分别居第一、二、三和第五位,详见下表1:
Container transport and container ships and the construction of docks in developed countries in Europe and the United States began in the sixties of this century. Because of its prominent advantages in many aspects, such as improving transportation efficiency, reducing cargo damage and cargo damage, and protecting the port environment and cleanliness, the development speed is very fast. Almost all of the boxes of suitable containers (those that can be loaded into containers) in these national groceries are shipped in containers. Since the 1970s, the container shipping and port terminals in Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan and other countries and regions in Asia have also made rapid advances and come from behind. According to the statistics of world port throughput in 1995, the container throughput of Hong Kong, Singapore, Kaohsiung and Busan Ports ranks first, second, third and fifth respectively, as shown in Table 1 below: