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从1979至1980连续两年用溶液培养的方法研究了硅对水稻的生理效应。试验分无硅及有硅二处理。培养液按国际水稻研究所配方,无硅处理是在培养液中不加硅,但N、P、K、Ca、Mg及微量元素都具备;有硅处理是在溶液中加入100ppm Na_2SiO_3。二处理的溶液pH都调节到5.0—5.1。 从两年试验得到以下结果: 1.硅的供应改变了植株的解剖结构,叶片的表皮、表皮毛、泡状细胞、维管束及与维管束相联的厚壁组织以及叶鞘的表皮等都积累了大量的硅。加硅的水稻植株能抵抗虫害。在抽穗期,无硅处理的稻株其根及茎秆基部严重受到蚜虫侵害,使部分组织坏死;而加硅处理的稻株则生长十分健壮,根仍呈白色。 2.硅增加根重,提高根系活力,增加根对水分及养分的吸收量。 3.硅的供应不仅增加叶面积,并使叶片生长较直立。 4.在抽穗期,供硅植株的叶片仍维持较高的光合强度,有较多的光合产物可供应谷粒,故千粒重及产量均明显增高,有硅及无硅稻株的单株相对产量之比为276.3:100。 从上所述,可以认为硅是水稻正常生长所必需的元素。
From 1979 to 1980 for two consecutive years by solution culture method to study the physiological effects of silicon on rice. Test points are non-silicon and silicon two treatment. Culture solution According to the formula of International Rice Research Institute, without silicon treatment, there is no silicon in the culture solution, but N, P, K, Ca, Mg and trace elements are available; and silicon treatment is adding 100ppm Na_2SiO_3 to the solution. The pH of both solutions was adjusted to 5.0-5.1. The following results were obtained from the two-year experiment: 1. The supply of silicon changed the anatomical structure of the plant, the accumulation of the epidermis, epidermal hairs, vesicular cells, the vascular bundles and the thick-walled tissues associated with the vascular bundles, A lot of silicon. Silicon-added rice plants resist insect pests. At the heading stage, the roots of the non-silicon-treated rice plants and the base of the stems were severely affected by aphids, causing partial tissue necrosis. However, the silicon-treated rice plants grew very robustly with white roots. 2. Silicon increase root weight, increase root activity, increase root absorption of water and nutrients. 3. The supply of silicon not only increases the leaf area but also makes the leaves more erect. At the heading stage, leaves of silicon plants still maintain higher photosynthetic intensity, more photosynthetic products can supply grain, so the 1000-grain weight and yield were significantly increased, with silicon and silicon-free rice plants relative yield The ratio is 276.3: 100. From the above, it can be considered that silicon is an essential element for the normal growth of rice.