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利用同一牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)家系F09119的母本,建立了减数雌核发育系(F1324)、卵裂雌核发育系(F1346)及近交家系(F1313)3个纯系,对3个纯系群体的生长和遗传性状进行比较分析。在受精后85~388 d对3个家系的体长、体宽、体重及成活率进行测定比较,结果显示:F1346生长最快,388 d时体长、体宽和体重分别为(28.89±2.77)cm、(10.00±1.21)cm和(254.91±83.11)g,F1313次之,F1324最慢(P<0.05)。388 d时F1324成活率最高(46.50%),F1313次之(38.00%),F1346最低(26.80%)。F1346、F1324和F1313平均等位基因数(Na)分别为2.0、2.0和2.35,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)分别为1.87、1.95和2.1,多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.35、0.36和0.4,平均观测杂合度分别为0、0.8155和0.6366;卵裂雌核发育系和减数雌核发育系的遗传多样性明显低于近交系。平均期望纯合度F1313(0.503)F1324(0.4894)>F1346(0.4679)。卵裂雌核发育系纯合度是减数雌核发育系的1.0421倍,是近交系的1.0577倍;减数雌核发育系纯合度是近交系的1.0149倍。F1346与F1313之间的遗传距离最大(0.1568),遗传相似度最小(0.8549);F1346与F1324之间的遗传距离最小(0.0406),遗传相似度最大(0.9602)。本研究结果为牙鲆纯系构建及解析卵裂雌核发育系、减数雌核发育系和近交系的遗传区别提供了理论依据。
Three female lineages of Paralichthys olivaceus F09119 were used to establish three lines, F1324, F1546 and F1313, Pure line population growth and genetic traits were compared. The body length, body width, body weight and survival rate of three pedigrees were determined at 85-388 days after fertilization. The results showed that F1346 grew fastest, and the body length, body width and body weight at 388 d were (28.89 ± 2.77 ) cm, (10.00 ± 1.21) cm and (254.91 ± 83.11) g, respectively. F1313 was the second and F1324 was the slowest (P <0.05). F1324 had the highest survival rate (46.50%) at 388 d, followed by F1313 (38.00%) and lowest at F1346 (26.80%). The average number of alleles (Na) of F1346, F1324 and F1313 were 2.0, 2.0 and 2.35 respectively, and the average number of effective alleles (Ne) was 1.87, 1.95 and 2.1 respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) And 0.4 respectively. The average observed heterozygosities were 0, 0.8155 and 0.6366, respectively. The genetic diversity of the gynogenetic line and the reduced number of gynogenetic line in cleavage was significantly lower than inbred line. The average expected heterozygosity F1313 (0.503) F1324 (0.4894)> F1346 (0.4679). The homozygosity of the gynogenetic line of cleavage was 1.0421 times of that of the gynogenetic line, 1.0577 times that of the inbred line. The homozygosity of the gynogenetic line was 1.0149 times of the inbred line. The genetic distance between F1346 and F1313 was the largest (0.1568) and the genetic similarity was the lowest (0.8549). The genetic distance between F1346 and F1324 was the lowest (0.0406) and the genetic similarity was 0.9602. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the construction and analysis of the pure line of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus developmental line, the genetic differences between the number of gynogenetic line and inbred lines.