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This paper describes a technique to estimate surface-based duct parameters by using a simple ray tracing/correlation method.The approach is novel in that it incorporates the Spearman rank-order correlation scheme between the observed surface clutter and the surface ray density for a given propagation path.The simulation results and the real data results both demonstrate the ability of this method to estimate surface-based duct parameters.Compared with the results obtained by a modified genetic algorithm combined with the parabolic wave equation,the results retrieved from the ray tracing/correlation scheme show a minor reduction in accuracy but a great improvement on computation time.Therefore the ray tracing/correlation method might be used as a precursor to more sophisticated and slower techniques,such as genetic algorithm and particle filters,by narrowing the parameter search space and providing a comprehensive and more efficient estimation algorithm.
This paper describes a technique to estimate surface-based duct parameters by using a simple ray tracing / correlation method. The approach is novel in that it incorporates the Spearman rank-order correlation scheme between the observed surface clutter and the surface ray density for a given propagation path.The simulation results and the real data results both by the ability of this method to estimate surface-based duct parameters. Compared with the results obtained by a modified genetic algorithm combined with the parabolic wave equation, the results retrieved from the ray tracing / correlation scheme show a minor reduction in accuracy but a great improvement on computation time. Wherefore the ray tracing / correlation method might be used as a precursor to more sophisticated and slower techniques, such as genetic algorithm and particle filters, by narrowing the parameter search space and providing a comprehensive and more efficient estimation algorithm.