以15年生油茶‘湘林XCL15’为试材,利用LI-6400XT便携式光合作用测定系统和13C示踪技术,研究了不同库源关系对油茶光合作用、13C光合产物分配和果实品质的影响。结果表明,库源比升高显著提高油茶叶片光合效率,其中二叶一果处理的叶片SPAD值较四叶一果和六叶一果分别提高了4.30%和4.89%,净光合速率提高了3.58%和6.45%,最大光化学效率提高了2.71%和8.00%,实际光量子产量提高了13.26%和36.20%,光合电子传递速率提高了17.69%和41.68%。六叶一果处理比四叶一果和二叶一果的果实13C总量分别提高了76.74%和200.78%,单果重较后两者分别提高了60.51%和65.95%;距离标记叶最近的第一果13C总量较第二果和第三果分别高8.91 mg和24.77 mg,单果重较第二果和第三果分别提高了18.06%和50.24%;标记对侧中部枝叶果实13C积累量较标记上部枝和下部枝分别提高了34.43%和137.75%。源叶的增加显著提高了油茶出籽率,但不同库源处理对油茶种仁含油率无显著影响。本研究表明,库源比增加促进源叶叶绿素含量、净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数升高,降低果实单果重和出籽率;叶片光合产物遵循就近分配原则,果实上部叶片对库的供应能力高于下部叶片。 The 15-year-old Camellia oleifera XCL15 was used as experimental material to study the effects of different sink-source relationships on photosynthesis, 13C photosynthate distribution and fruit quality of Camellia oleifera using LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis system and 13C tracing technique. The results showed that the ratio of photosynthetic efficiency of Camellia oleifera increased significantly with the increase of the ratio of source and sink, in which the SPAD value of the leaves treated with one leaf increased 4.30% and 4.89%, and the net photosynthetic rate increased 3.58 % And 6.45% respectively. The maximum photochemical efficiency increased by 2.71% and 8.00%. The actual photon yield increased by 13.26% and 36.20%, and the photosynthetic electron transfer rate increased by 17.69% and 41.68% respectively. The total content of 13C increased by 76.74% and 200.78%, respectively, compared with that of the fruit with four leaves and the fruit with two leaves increased by 60.51% and 65.95%, respectively. Compared with the second fruit and the third fruit, the total amount of fruit 13C was 8.91 mg and 24.77 mg, respectively, and the fruit weight was increased by 18.06% and 50.24% respectively compared with the second fruit and the third fruit; Marked upper and lower branches increased 34.43% and 137.75% respectively. The increase of source leaves significantly increased the seed yield of Camellia oleifera, but no significant effect of different source treatments on the oil content of Camellia seed. The results showed that the increase of sink-source ratio promoted the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the source leaves, and decreased the fruit weight and seed-setting rate. The photosynthate of the leaves obeyed the principle of immediate distribution, In the lower leaves.