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目的 探讨鼻窦炎引起的嗅觉障碍的发病机制。 方法 在鼻腔内窥镜下取嗅区粘膜进行超微结构观察。 结果 嗅粘膜上皮层嗅细胞和支持细胞均出现不同程度和不同性质的变性、坏死、脱落 ,部分嗅细胞嗅毛减少或缺失 ,细胞排列紊乱 ,细胞表面的连接异常 ,基细胞增生修复。 结论 嗅细胞变性 ,嗅毛减少及其周围微环境的改变 ,是导致嗅觉障碍的重要原因。嗅细胞可再生 ,为临床治疗提供理论依据。
Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of sinusitis-induced olfactory dysfunction. Methods Under nasal endoscopy, the mucosa of the olfactory area was taken for ultrastructural observation. Results Olfactory mucosa epithelial layer of olfactory cells and supporting cells were different degrees and different nature of the degeneration, necrosis, shedding, part of olfactory epithelial cells reduced or missing olfactory hair, cells arranged in disorder, abnormal cell surface connections, cell proliferation and repair. Conclusion The degeneration of olfactory cells, the reduction of sniffing hair and the change of the microenvironment around it are the important causes of olfactory dysfunction. Olfactory cells can be regenerated, providing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.