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七台河市土壤侵蚀面积1 184.1 km2,采空塌陷面积185 km2,工矿区水土流失面积61.08 km2。分析了城矿区水土流失的主要形式、分布与发展趋势、地面塌陷态势、煤矸石堆积侵蚀、水资源流失、生态恢复与治理难度等特点;简述了水土流失对水土大气资源环境和社会经济发展环境的危害;借鉴国内外城矿区水土流失防治途径与模式,在强化宣传和法制建设、多途径筹措治理资金、科学布设防治措施、塌陷区的整治复垦、水资源的节约保护方面提出了防治对策。
The soil erosion area of Qitaihe is 1 184.1 km2, the area of goaf and subsidence is 185 km2, and the area of soil erosion in the mining area is 61.08 km2. The main forms, distribution and development trend of soil and water loss in urban mining area are analyzed. The characteristics of ground subsidence, accumulation and erosion of coal gangue, loss of water resources, ecological restoration and difficulty of management are analyzed. The impacts of water and soil loss on the resources, environment and socio-economic development of soil and water are summarized Environmental hazards; draw lessons from the ways and modes of soil and water loss prevention and control in urban and mining areas at home and abroad, put forward prevention and control in the aspects of intensifying propaganda and legal system construction, financing ways of governance through scientific methods, controlling and reclamation of subsidence areas and saving and conserving water resources Countermeasures.