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目的探讨儿童炎症性肠病的临床特点,为此类疾病的早期诊断及治疗提供一定的依据。方法采用文献检索和病例资料收集的方法,将具有相关内容的文献资料以及我院收治病例作为研究对象,对其临床表现,辅助检查,治疗及预后进行回顾性分析。结果 IBD患儿主要临床表现为腹痛、腹泻、发热、便血和消瘦,腹泻、便血更常见于UC患儿,腹痛、发热、口腔溃疡、关节炎更常见于CD患儿。实验室检查多见外周血WBC、CRP、ESR升高,HB、ALB下降,CRP增高更常见于CD患儿。UC和CD的病变分布具有明显的差异性,UC病变主要累及乙状结肠、直肠、降结肠、横结肠,而CD病变主要累及回肠末端和回盲部,另外上消化道受累更常见于CD患儿。结论根据UC与CD患儿不同的临床表现及病变特点,选择适当的实验室、影像学及内镜病理检查,早期诊断并给予相应治疗,有助于改善IBD的预后。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of children with inflammatory bowel disease and provide some evidences for the early diagnosis and treatment of such diseases. Methods The methods of literature search and case data collection were used to review the clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, treatment and prognosis of the patients with the relevant literature and the cases admitted to our hospital. Results The main clinical manifestations in children with IBD were abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, blood in the stool and weight loss, diarrhea and blood in the stool were more common in children with UC. Abdominal pain, fever, oral ulcer and arthritis were more common in children with CD. Laboratory tests more common peripheral blood WBC, CRP, ESR increased HB, ALB decreased CRP increased more common in children with CD. UC and CD lesions were significantly different distribution, UC lesions mainly involving the sigmoid colon, rectum, descending colon, transverse colon, and CD lesions mainly involving the terminal ileum and ileocecal addition, upper gastrointestinal involvement more common in children with CD. Conclusion According to the different clinical manifestations and pathological features of children with UC and CD, the appropriate laboratory, imaging and endoscopic pathological examination are selected. Early diagnosis and treatment may be helpful to improve the prognosis of IBD.