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目的利用青少年骨关节X线影像变化规律制定青少年骨发育X线分级标准。方法参照国内外权威学者关于不同部位关节骨骼发育分级的研究成果,以骺软骨发育组织学分层(区)为理论支撑、以骨发育X线影像特征为基础的分级原理,横向和纵向观察我国河南、海南、浙江三个省份300名11～20周岁男、女性青少年双侧锁骨胸骨端及左侧肩、肘、腕、髋、膝、踝关节骨发育X线影像特征,选取与年龄变化关系密切的24项骨骼发育指标。结果根据不同部位关节骨骺生长变化规律,将24项骨骼发育指标分为2级至8级不等。研究显示,各单一关节组成诸骨发育指标的分级基本相同或接近,单一关节内不同的骨骺发育变化具有同步性。结论本分级标准涉及骨骼发育指标广、适用年龄范围宽、可操作性强,为我国法医学活体骨骼年龄推断建立了良好的基础平台。
Objective To establish the X-ray grading standards for adolescent bone development by using the changes of X-ray images of adolescent bone and joint. Methods Reference domestic and foreign authoritative scholars on different parts of the joint skeletal development and grading research results to epiphyseal cartilage developmental histology stratification (area) as the theoretical support to bone development X-ray image features based on the classification principle, horizontal and vertical observation of China X-ray imaging of bone development of the bilateral supraclavicular, sternal, left shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle in 300 males and 20 females aged from 11 to 20 in Henan, Hainan and Zhejiang provinces. Closely 24 bone development indicators. Results According to the changes of epiphyseal growth in different parts, 24 skeletal development indexes were divided into 2 grades and 8 grades. Studies have shown that each single joint composition of bone development indicators of grading are basically the same or close to a single joint development of different epiphysis with synchronization. Conclusions This grading standard involves a wide range of bone development indicators, a wide range of applicable age, and strong maneuverability. It establishes a good foundation platform for inference of skeleton age of forensic living in our country.