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为研究市场竞争条件下高铁与民航的票价优化问题,建立了二者相互博弈的双层规划模型,上层规划以票价决为决策变量,以实现运输经济效益最大化为决策目标;下层规划以旅客群体为决策主体,以广义出行费用最小化为决策目标。在旅客群体有限理性的刻画方面,采用三维元胞遗传算法的思想对旅客群体针对广义出行费用的进化寻优过程进行动态描述,以动态规则运算取代传统基于随机用户均衡思想的logit分流模式。最后利用基于灵敏度分析的启发式算法求解双层规划。研究发现:新模型较好的体现了旅客群体均衡配流的形成过程及旅客群体的有限理性特点对票价均衡形成过程的影响。
In order to research the fare optimization of HSR and CAAC under the condition of market competition, a two-level programming model is established, in which the fare decision is taken as the upper decision to maximize the economic benefit of transportation. Taking the tourist groups as the main body of decision-making and the minimization of the generalized travel expenses as the decision-making targets. In the aspect of describing the bounded rationality of tourist groups, this paper uses the idea of three-dimensional cellular genetic algorithm to describe the evolutionary optimization process of traveler’s travel expenses in detail based on the idea of three-dimensional cellular genetic algorithm, and replaces the traditional logit diversion model based on stochastic user equilibrium with dynamic rules. Finally, the heuristic algorithm based on sensitivity analysis is used to solve the bilevel programming. The results show that the new model better reflects the formation process of equilibrium distribution of travelers and the influence of bounded rationality of travelers on the formation of fare equilibrium.