二十世纪二三十年代,华北农村合作运动整体上在逐步发展、壮大,运行基本良好;作为先后倡导与推行农村合作运动的两种外在的主导力量民间社会团体与国家政权,在国家与社会的框架下交相更替;民间社会团体从最初的创导者地位逐步淡出,而作为国家象征的政府机构却几乎沿着一条与民间社会团体相反的趋势伸入;在此消彼涨间,虽曾一度相携合作,然而,农村合作运动最终为国家政府所控制,在总体上完全可以说是一种国家化的态势,从而影响到整个农村合作运动的健康发展。这不仅是华北农村合作运动区别于全国其它地区的典型特征,也是中国近代农村合作运动区别于西方纯粹自下而上式合作运动的最根本之处。 In the 1920s and 1930s, the rural cooperative movement in North China was gradually developing, expanding and basically running well. As the two dominant external forces that initiated and implemented the rural cooperative movement, civil society groups and state power, In the framework of society, social change took place. Civil society groups gradually faded away from the original pioneer status, while the government agencies that served as national symbols were almost following a trend opposite to that of civil society groups. Although cooperation and cooperation were once carried out, the ultimate goal of the rural cooperative movement was controlled by the government of the country. In general, it could be said that it was a national trend that affected the healthy development of the entire rural cooperative movement. This is not only the typical feature that distinguishes North China’s rural cooperative movement from the rest of the country, but also the most fundamental part that distinguishes the modern Chinese rural cooperative movement from the purely bottom-up cooperative movement of the West.