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通过对晋东南和豫中地区几个煤矿矸石堆及其周围的土壤和水体、井下矸石取样分析,发现这些矿的煤矸石中全氮的背景值为0.4%~0.8%。在中高煤变质程度地区,含铵伊利石夹矸中全氮高达1.0%~1.6%,铵伊利石的存在对于矸石堆中全氮含量的提高具有贡献。在矸石山周围积水中,具有较高的氮含量,说明雨水比较容易从矸石堆中将氮淋滤出来。煤矸石堆周围土壤中的氮含量并不高,说明煤矸石淋滤物并没有发生明显的横向迁移,可能主要表现为垂向渗透,有可能对地下水造成潜在的氮污染。
Through the sampling and analysis of several coal gangue heap and its surrounding soil and water body and underground gangue in southeastern and central Henan Provinces, the background value of total nitrogen in coal gangue of these mines is 0.4% -0.8%. In areas with high and medium coal metamorphism, the content of total nitrogen in ammoniated illite storages is as high as 1.0% ~ 1.6%, and the presence of ammonium illites contributes to the increase of total nitrogen in the waste rock piles. In the water around the waste dump, there is a high nitrogen content, indicating that it is easier to leach nitrogen out of the waste rock heap. The content of nitrogen in the soil around the gangue heap is not high, indicating that the leachate from the gangue does not show any significant lateral migration, which may be mainly vertical infiltration, which may cause potential nitrogen pollution to the groundwater.