东方图书馆是商务印书馆的附设图书馆,成立于1926年5月,是上世纪30年代全国乃至亚洲规模最大、藏书最多的图书馆,不幸毁于“一.二八”日军战火中,后经过张元济等图书馆创办先辈们的复兴,恢复和保存了少部分文献资料。本文介绍了东方图书馆的创建、发展以及被日军战火摧毁后又被文化先辈们复兴的经过。 The Oriental Library is an attached library of the Commercial Press. Founded in May 1926, it is the largest and most-stocked library in the country and even in Asia in the 1930s. It was unfortunately destroyed in the “January 28” Japanese war , After Zhang Yuanji and other libraries founded the ancestors of the revival, restore and save a small part of the literature. This article describes the creation and development of the Oriental Library and the process of rejuvenating the cultural ancestors by the Japanese war.