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目的:对不同生长年限黄芩根皮层和木质部的黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素、野黄芩苷5种活性成分的含量进行分析,同时对黄芩根部的微观结构进行观察比较,研究不同生长年限黄芩根部主要活性成分的分布规律。方法:采用扫描电镜观察1~4年生黄芩根横断面的微观结构特征;利用HPLC进行活性成分含量的测定。结果:不同生长年限的黄芩根木质部导管的排列方式不同,1年生呈径向排列,2年生呈团状排列,3年生呈切向和团状排列,4年生呈切向排列,可以根据年轮的有无和多少区别黄芩根的生长年限;5种活性成分总含量随着生长年限的增加逐年增加,皮层的活性成分含量比木质部的高。结论:不同生长年限的黄芩根在微观结构上存在显著性差异并具有鉴别意义。木质部活性成分的含量以4年生黄芩最高,其次是3年生,2年生最低;皮层活性成分的含量以4年生最高,其次是2年生,1年生最低。1~4年生黄芩根5种活性成分中苷和苷元的比例分别为15.7∶1、16.4∶1、13.9∶1和14.5∶1,表明不同生长年限的黄芩根中苷和苷元的转化存在一定的关系。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the contents of 5 active ingredients of baicalin, baicalin, baicalein, wogonin and scutellarin in the root cortex and xylem of Scutellariae Radix in different growth stages, and observe the microstructure of the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi at different growth stages Distribution of main active components in different growth stages of Scutellaria baicalensis. Methods: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure characteristics of root cross section of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. The content of active ingredient was determined by HPLC. Results: Scutellariae of different growth stages had different arrangement of xylem catheters. The first year was radially arranged, the second year was arranged as a group, the third year was tangential and a group arrangement, and the four year age was arranged tangentially. And the difference between the growth of Scutellariae Radix; the total content of the five active ingredients increased with the growth of the growing year by year, the cortical active ingredient content higher than the xylem. Conclusion: There are significant differences in the microstructure of Scutellariae Radix in different growth stages and has the significance of differentiation. The content of active ingredients in xylem was the highest in 4-year-old Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, followed by 3-year-old with the lowest in 2-year-old. The content of active ingredients in cortex was the highest in 4-year-old, followed by 2-year-old. The ratio of glycosides and aglycone in the 5 active ingredients of Scutellariae Radix in 1 ~ 4-year-old roots was 15.7:1, 16.4:1, 13.9:1 and 14.5:1, respectively, indicating that the transformation of midge glycosides and aglycones in Scutellariae Radix in different growth stages A certain relationship.