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目的:评估儿童间隔旁道射频消融的有效性及安全性。方法:2013年9月至2019年3月因阵发性室上性心动过速于上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心心内科住院拟行经导管射频消融治疗共626例患儿，对其中74例间隔旁道患儿的临床及射频消融数据进行分析。结果:74例患儿中，男45例，女29例；年龄(7.8±3.5 )岁(10个月～13岁)；体质量(27.7±14.4) kg，其中3例<15 kg。5例术前超声提示室壁矛盾运动，2例合并先天性心脏病。69例患儿行三维标测系统指导下消融；5例患儿接受传统两维射线下标测后，最终3例接受消融。74例患儿共标测到间隔旁道74条，包括右侧间隔旁道66例，左后间隔旁道8例；显性旁道48例，隐匿性旁道26例；旁道分布于前间隔28条，中间隔18条，冠状窦10条，右后间隔10条，左后间隔8条。共72例患儿行射频消融治疗，其中67例消融成功，即时消融成功率为93.1%。消融功率(18.0±1.8)W，射线暴露时间(4.7±2.7) min，手术时间(151.5±58.6) min。术后完全性房室传导阻滞1例。5例合并室壁运动异常患儿的心室运动及大小在消融后恢复正常。随访(23.8±10.8)个月，4例患儿发生预激或房室折返性心动过速复发。结论:三维标测系统下儿童间隔旁道经射频消融安全且有效，但永久性三度房室传导阻滞仍不能忽视。“,”Objective:To assess the efficacy and the safety of the radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for the septal accessory pathway (AP) in children.Methods:From September 2013 to March 2019, 626 patients plan to underwent RFCA for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) in Shanghai Children′s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.Among them, 74 consecutive patients with right or left septal APs were included in the study and their clinical and RFCA data were analyzed.Results:The age of these 74 children (45 males, 29 female) was (7.8±3.5) years, ranging from 10 months to 13 years.The body weight (BW) was (27.7±14.4) kg, with 3 patients BW<15 kg.A discordant ventricular wall motion (DVWM) was found in 5 patients, and the combined congenital heart diseases were discovered in 2 patients.A three dimensional mapping system was applied in 69 ablations, and 3 ablations were performed only with the fluoroscopy monitor of 5 cases.According to the AP location, the number of cases located in the anteroseptal, the midseptal, the mouth of coronary sinus, the left posteroseptal and the right posteroseptal, were 28, 18, 10, 10 and 8, respectively.The ablation operations were applied in 72 patients.The initial acute success reached in 67 (93.1%) patients.The ablation energy was (18.0±1.8) W, the fluoroscopy time during the ablations was (4.7±2.7) minutes, and the procedure duration was (151.5±58.6) minutes.One inadvertent complete atrioventricular block (AVB) was noted as the ablation-related complication.All 5 children with the pre-DVWM were recovered after ablations.During a follow-up of (23.8±10.8) months, 4 patients experienced the recurrence of preexcitation syndrome atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia.Conclusions:With the 3D-mapping system, the RFCA of septal APs can be performed safely and effectively in pediatric patients of paroxysmal supraventri-cular tachycardia.However, as the ablation-related complication, AVB should not be ignored.