论文部分内容阅读
真题重现
看看下面几个高考题是怎样考查动名词的用法的。这些技巧你都掌握了吗？
【例1】The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.（2000全国卷）
A. carry out B. carrying out
C. carried out D. to carry out
【解析】C。 that they would like to see _____ the next year 是the plan的定语，that代替 the plan在从句中作see的宾语，而所需填入空格内的应为the plan的补足语，the plan是carry out的承受者，故应用过去分词。故正确答案为C。
【注意点】carry out a plan (order, duty, policy, promise) 完成计划（执行命令、履行职责、落实政策、实现诺言）。
【例2】In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour. (2002上海春卷)
A. waiting B. to wait
C. wait D. to be waiting
【解析】A。mean doing sth.意思是“意味着……”；mean to do sth. 意思是“打算做……”。这句话的意思是“在英国的某些地方，赶不上公共汽车便意味着要再等一个小时”。正确答案为A。
【注意点】在某些动词之后接不同形式的非谓语动词意义不同。常见的有remember, forget, stop, try, regret, help, mean等。做题时注意上下文的意思。
【例3】Mr. Smith, _______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.（2003北京春卷）
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored
C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
【解析】A。第一空的逻辑主语为Mr. Smith，故用tired，形容词作状语；第二空修饰speech应用?鄄ing形式的形容词，表示令人厌烦的。故正确答案为A。
【注意点】?鄄ing形式的形容词逻辑主语一般为物，意思是“令人……”；ed形式的形容词逻辑主语一般为人，意识是“使人……”。做题时关键是把握好逻辑主语。
【例4】Victor apologized for _______ to inform me of the change in the plan.(2004上海春卷)
A. his being not able B. him not to be able
C. his not being able D. him to be not able
【解析】C。apologize的用法为apologize for one’s / sb. doing sth. 于是排除了B、D，另外，非谓语动词的否定式中否定词一般在非谓语动词的前面，故正确答案为C。
【例5】When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _______ at the party, but not ______.（2005北京卷）
A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave
C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave
【解析】C。很显然，arrive和leave的动作已经发生过了，应该用remember doing sth.的句型。故正确答案为C。
【例6】The Bunsen Burner is so named that because it is thought _______ by Robert Bunsen. (2005南京质检)
A. to be invented B. having been invented
C. invented D. to have been invented
【解析】 D。根据句型be thought to，排除B、C；根据语境得知应用不定式的完成时，强调完成的动作。故正确答案为D。
实战演习
趁热打铁，你也赶紧做几个习题吧，看正确率如何。
【题1】— I am sorry. Next time I will take you there, I promise.
— Oh, I don’t mind _______ to the ceremony at all.
A. being not invited B. not inviting
C. not being invited D. not to be invited
【题2】When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _______.
A. beat B. to be beating
C. was beating D. beating
【题3】None of the criminals escaped ________.
A. be punished B. being punished
C. to be punished D. punished
【题4】On a _______ morning the little match girl was found _______ at the corner of the street.
A. freezing; freezing B. freezing; frozen
C. frozen; frozen D. frozen; freezing
【题5】He finished his homework and then went on _______ me.
A. helping B. with help
C. with helping D. to help
【题6】I’m afraid your suggestion can’t help _______ the service of their shop.
A. improving B. in improving
C. improve D. for improving
【题7】My watch wants ______. It doesn’t ______ the right time.
A. to repair; tell B. being repaired; say
C. repairing; speak D. repairing; tell
【题8】I wouldn’t advise ______ there by bus, because it is crowded.
A. to B. to goC. to going D. going
【题9】Have you forgotten _______ a book from Mary? Please remember _______ it to her tomorrow.
A. borrowing; to return B. borrowing; returning
C. to borrow; to return D. to borrow; returning
【题10】 ____in an atmosphere of simply living was what her parents wished for.
A. The girl to be educated B. The girl educated
C. The girl’s being educated D. The girl was educated
答案
1. C2. D3. B4. B5. D6. C7. D8. D9. A10. C
你的正确率为： _________％
解析
1． C。mind 后接动名词作宾语，其被动式为being done，否定式为not being done。正确答案为C。
2． D。fell是感观动词，后可接省去to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示已发生的动作及动作的整个过程；后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的动作。根据句意，选择D。
3． B。escape后接动名词作宾语，意思是逃避某事；且应该是“被惩罚”，应该用动名词的被动式。故正确答案为B。
4． B。freezing 寒冷的、刺骨的；frozen已经冻僵了的，根据题意选择B。
5． D。go on doing sth. 表示“继续做同一件事情”；go on to do sth. 表示“干完一件事，接着干另外一件事”。此题答案为D。
6． C。can’t help (to) do sth. 表示“不能帮忙做某事”；can’t help doing sth. 表示“忍不住……”，根据句意此题选C。
7． D。want 后接动名词作宾语时，相当于不定式的被动式，即want repairing=want to be repaired，而且，钟表报点用tell，故正确答案为D。
8． D。advise后接动名词作宾语，即advise doing sth.，但也能接不定式作宾语补足语，即advise sb. to do sth., 故正确答案为D。
9． A。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事；forget doing sth 忘了已经做了某事；remember to do sth. 记得去做某事；remember doing sth.，记得已经做过某事。故正确答案为A。
10． C。动名词和不定式都可以作主语。不定式作主语表示具体的动作，动名词作主语则可以表示抽象或一般性的动作或情况。根据句意，这个女孩在朴素的生活环境中接受教育是她的父母所希望的，接受教育不是具体的一次性动作，因此用动名词，答案为C。
编辑/孙栎栎
看看下面几个高考题是怎样考查动名词的用法的。这些技巧你都掌握了吗？
【例1】The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.（2000全国卷）
A. carry out B. carrying out
C. carried out D. to carry out
【解析】C。 that they would like to see _____ the next year 是the plan的定语，that代替 the plan在从句中作see的宾语，而所需填入空格内的应为the plan的补足语，the plan是carry out的承受者，故应用过去分词。故正确答案为C。
【注意点】carry out a plan (order, duty, policy, promise) 完成计划（执行命令、履行职责、落实政策、实现诺言）。
【例2】In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour. (2002上海春卷)
A. waiting B. to wait
C. wait D. to be waiting
【解析】A。mean doing sth.意思是“意味着……”；mean to do sth. 意思是“打算做……”。这句话的意思是“在英国的某些地方，赶不上公共汽车便意味着要再等一个小时”。正确答案为A。
【注意点】在某些动词之后接不同形式的非谓语动词意义不同。常见的有remember, forget, stop, try, regret, help, mean等。做题时注意上下文的意思。
【例3】Mr. Smith, _______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.（2003北京春卷）
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored
C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
【解析】A。第一空的逻辑主语为Mr. Smith，故用tired，形容词作状语；第二空修饰speech应用?鄄ing形式的形容词，表示令人厌烦的。故正确答案为A。
【注意点】?鄄ing形式的形容词逻辑主语一般为物，意思是“令人……”；ed形式的形容词逻辑主语一般为人，意识是“使人……”。做题时关键是把握好逻辑主语。
【例4】Victor apologized for _______ to inform me of the change in the plan.(2004上海春卷)
A. his being not able B. him not to be able
C. his not being able D. him to be not able
【解析】C。apologize的用法为apologize for one’s / sb. doing sth. 于是排除了B、D，另外，非谓语动词的否定式中否定词一般在非谓语动词的前面，故正确答案为C。
【例5】When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _______ at the party, but not ______.（2005北京卷）
A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave
C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave
【解析】C。很显然，arrive和leave的动作已经发生过了，应该用remember doing sth.的句型。故正确答案为C。
【例6】The Bunsen Burner is so named that because it is thought _______ by Robert Bunsen. (2005南京质检)
A. to be invented B. having been invented
C. invented D. to have been invented
【解析】 D。根据句型be thought to，排除B、C；根据语境得知应用不定式的完成时，强调完成的动作。故正确答案为D。
实战演习
趁热打铁，你也赶紧做几个习题吧，看正确率如何。
【题1】— I am sorry. Next time I will take you there, I promise.
— Oh, I don’t mind _______ to the ceremony at all.
A. being not invited B. not inviting
C. not being invited D. not to be invited
【题2】When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _______.
A. beat B. to be beating
C. was beating D. beating
【题3】None of the criminals escaped ________.
A. be punished B. being punished
C. to be punished D. punished
【题4】On a _______ morning the little match girl was found _______ at the corner of the street.
A. freezing; freezing B. freezing; frozen
C. frozen; frozen D. frozen; freezing
【题5】He finished his homework and then went on _______ me.
A. helping B. with help
C. with helping D. to help
【题6】I’m afraid your suggestion can’t help _______ the service of their shop.
A. improving B. in improving
C. improve D. for improving
【题7】My watch wants ______. It doesn’t ______ the right time.
A. to repair; tell B. being repaired; say
C. repairing; speak D. repairing; tell
【题8】I wouldn’t advise ______ there by bus, because it is crowded.
A. to B. to goC. to going D. going
【题9】Have you forgotten _______ a book from Mary? Please remember _______ it to her tomorrow.
A. borrowing; to return B. borrowing; returning
C. to borrow; to return D. to borrow; returning
【题10】 ____in an atmosphere of simply living was what her parents wished for.
A. The girl to be educated B. The girl educated
C. The girl’s being educated D. The girl was educated
答案
1. C2. D3. B4. B5. D6. C7. D8. D9. A10. C
你的正确率为： _________％
解析
1． C。mind 后接动名词作宾语，其被动式为being done，否定式为not being done。正确答案为C。
2． D。fell是感观动词，后可接省去to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示已发生的动作及动作的整个过程；后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的动作。根据句意，选择D。
3． B。escape后接动名词作宾语，意思是逃避某事；且应该是“被惩罚”，应该用动名词的被动式。故正确答案为B。
4． B。freezing 寒冷的、刺骨的；frozen已经冻僵了的，根据题意选择B。
5． D。go on doing sth. 表示“继续做同一件事情”；go on to do sth. 表示“干完一件事，接着干另外一件事”。此题答案为D。
6． C。can’t help (to) do sth. 表示“不能帮忙做某事”；can’t help doing sth. 表示“忍不住……”，根据句意此题选C。
7． D。want 后接动名词作宾语时，相当于不定式的被动式，即want repairing=want to be repaired，而且，钟表报点用tell，故正确答案为D。
8． D。advise后接动名词作宾语，即advise doing sth.，但也能接不定式作宾语补足语，即advise sb. to do sth., 故正确答案为D。
9． A。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事；forget doing sth 忘了已经做了某事；remember to do sth. 记得去做某事；remember doing sth.，记得已经做过某事。故正确答案为A。
10． C。动名词和不定式都可以作主语。不定式作主语表示具体的动作，动名词作主语则可以表示抽象或一般性的动作或情况。根据句意，这个女孩在朴素的生活环境中接受教育是她的父母所希望的，接受教育不是具体的一次性动作，因此用动名词，答案为C。
编辑/孙栎栎