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目的掌握马鞍山市蟑螂种群结构和季节消长规律,为防治工作提供依据。方法采用粘捕盒法,对捕获的蟑螂进行种类鉴定,计算蟑螂构成比和密度,分析蟑螂种群结构、重点场所密度和季节消长规律。结果2011年马鞍山城区共捕获蟑螂3 565只,室内蟑螂平均密度为1.65只/盒,德国小蠊、美洲大蠊、黑胸大蠊的构成比分别为94.51%、5.41%、0.08%。危害严重的场所捕获蟑螂比例分别为餐饮业(87.04%)、农贸市场(11.28%)和宾馆(1.09%),其中餐饮业和农贸市场以德国小蠊为主,分别占94.84%、91.79%。室内蟑螂密度受气温影响较大,与气温呈现极显著正相关关系(R=0.69,P<0.01)。结论马鞍山市全年平均气温较高,在灭蟑环境压力去除后蟑螂密度能够短期内快速恢复。因此,在餐饮、农贸市场等重点场所灭蟑工作需保持长期性、制度化和综合防治策略。
Objective To master the structure and seasonal fluctuation of cockroach population in Ma’anshan City, and to provide basis for prevention and treatment. Methods The method of sticking box was used to identify the types of cockroaches captured. The composition ratio and density of cockroaches were calculated. The population structure of cockroaches, the density of key places and the rule of seasonal fluctuation were analyzed. Results In 2011, a total of 3 565 cockroaches were caught in the urban area of Ma’anshan. The average indoor cockroach density was 1.65 per box. The composition ratios of cockroaches, cockroaches, cockroaches and cockroaches were 94.51%, 5.41% and 0.08%, respectively. The proportion of caught cockroaches in the places with serious damage were 87.04%, farmer’s market (11.28%) and hotels (1.09%) respectively. The catering industry and farmer’s market were dominated by cockroaches, accounting for 94.84% and 91.79% respectively. The indoor cockroach density is greatly affected by air temperature, and has a significant positive correlation with air temperature (R = 0.69, P <0.01). Conclusion The annual average temperature in Ma’anshan City is relatively high, and the density of cockroaches can be rapidly restored within a short period of time after the pressure is eliminated in the cockroach environment. Therefore, in the catering, farmers markets and other key places to eliminate cockroaches need to maintain long-term, institutionalized and integrated prevention and control strategies.