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目的:分析毕节市农村已婚妇女妇科常见病、宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌的发病情况,争取对农村妇女宫颈癌做到早发现、早治疗,降低死亡率,探索更适于农村妇女的宫颈癌检查方式。方法:根据《毕节市农村妇女宫颈癌检查项目实施方案》,2012~2014年连续3年对毕节市已婚农村妇女共287 902名进行免费妇科检查、阴道及宫颈分泌物检查、宫颈脱落细胞学检查(TCT)、妇科检查和脱落细胞学异常者行阴道镜检查和组织病理学检查。结果:2012~2014年实际检查287 902名,生殖道感染发病率为40.96%,宫颈脱落细胞学检查ASC-US及以上异常病例检出率为2.08%,检出宫颈癌前病变和宫颈癌329例,宫颈癌前病变检出率为108.37/10万,宫颈癌17例,宫颈癌检出率为5.90/10万,宫颈病变治疗191例,宫颈病变治疗率为58.05%。结论:宫颈癌筛查是早期发现宫颈癌前病变和宫颈癌的重要措施,要建立以政府主导,多部门配合,整合区域医疗资源,全社会参与的宫颈癌筛查机制。加强专业技术人员培训,提高专业技术水平,加强健康教育宣传防治知识,促进农村妇女自觉参加宫颈癌筛查,有效降低宫颈癌患病率,提高妇女的健康水平。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of common gynecological diseases, precancerous lesions of cervical cancer and cervical cancer in rural married women in Bijie City, and to seek for the early detection and early treatment of cervical cancer in rural women and to reduce the mortality rate and explore more suitable cervical of rural women Cancer test method. Methods: According to the Implementation Plan of Cervical Cancer Examination Project of Rural Women in Bijie City, 287 902 married rural women in Bijie City were investigated for free gynecological examinations, vaginal and cervical secretions examination, cervical exfoliative cytology Check (TCT), gynecological examination and exfoliative cytology colposcopy and histopathological examination. Results: The actual examination of 287 902 from 2012 to 2014 showed that the incidence of genital tract infection was 40.96%. The detection rate of cervical cytology ASC-US and above was 2.08%. Cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer 329 Cases, the detection rate of cervical precancerous lesions was 108.37 / 100,000, 17 cases of cervical cancer, cervical cancer detection rate of 5.90 / 100,000, 191 cases of cervical lesions, cervical lesions treatment rate was 58.05%. Conclusion: Cervical cancer screening is an important measure to detect cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer in the early stage. It is necessary to establish a screening mechanism for cervical cancer involving government-led and multisectoral cooperation and integrating regional medical resources with the participation of the whole society. Strengthen professional and technical personnel training, improve professional skills, strengthen health education, publicity and prevention knowledge, to promote rural women consciously participate in cervical cancer screening, effectively reduce the prevalence of cervical cancer, improve women’s health.