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埃尔-托(EL-Tor)型霍乱,原称副霍乱。自1961年以来,逐渐取代古典型霍乱而形成7次世界性霍乱大流行,至目前仍十分猖獗!特别是与我国毗邻的某些流行国家,对我国威胁甚大。为防范其流行,我国正严密加以监视,并大力开展防治工作。为此,我们应熟悉该病的特点,以便提高防治效果。埃尔-托型霍乱有许多不同于古典型霍乱和其它肠道传染病的特点,现将这些特点简要介绍如下: 一、病原学方面 (一)霍乱弧菌包括古典型和埃尔-托型两个生物型。两者均属海伯(Heiberg)氏生化分型第一群,加德纳(Gardner)与文卡脱拉门(Venkatraman)二氏菌体抗原血清分群第一群,同时又分为稻叶(原型)、小川(异型)、彦岛(中间)三个血清型。生化、血清分群有
El-Tor type cholera, formerly known as deputy cholera. Since 1961, the world’s gradual replacement of classical cholera has led to the establishment of seven world-wide cholera epidemic which are still rampant. In particular, some endemic countries adjacent to our country pose a great threat to our country. To prevent its popularity, our country is closely monitoring it and vigorously carrying out prevention and control work. To this end, we should be familiar with the characteristics of the disease in order to improve the control effect. There are many different features of El Torino cholera that are different from those of classical cholera and other intestinal infectious diseases. These characteristics are briefly introduced as follows: 1. Etiology (1) Vibrio cholerae include both classic and Elto-torr type Two biotypes. Both belong to the first group of Heiberg’s biochemical typing, the first group of Gardner and Venkatraman’s sera antigen serogroups are divided into two groups, Prototype), Ogawa (Shaped), Yan Island (middle) three serotypes. Biochemical, serum groups have