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Peripheral nerve damage is a common injury in trauma patients.It can cause sensory loss,motor dysfunction and peripheral neuropathy.At present,more than 1 million people worldwide are affected by peripheral nerve injury caused by traffic accidents,disease or iatrogenic injury (such as tumorectomy and orthopedic procedures).The surgical repair of most injuries is improving rapidly,owing to advances in microsurgical techniques,but other factors contributing to recovery from peripheral nerve damage,such as nerve protection and regeneration,cannot be improved by surgery.Therefore,effective drug therapy is important in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury.This article highlights the role of drug therapy in peripheral nerve regeneration.