超重和肥胖是指身体脂肪超过正常范围引起的体重增加。现代观点认为,肥胖病是一种受遗传因素影响的综合征,特点是摄取大量富含脂肪的食物而缺乏必要的体育活动。肥胖症的临床重要性过去一直被低估。肥胖症是高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的重要原因,也是心肌梗死和心功能不全的独立危险因素。根据体重指数[BMI=体重(kg)/身高(m)~2],WHO和德国肥胖病协会将肥胖病分为3级。德国肥胖病的发病率不断上升,目前BMI>30者约占总人口的17％,而BMI>30后,死亡率明显上升。 Overweight and obesity refers to body fat over the normal range caused by weight gain. The modern view is that obesity is a syndrome that is affected by genetic factors and is characterized by the ingestion of large amounts of fat-rich foods and the lack of necessary physical activity. The clinical importance of obesity has historically been underestimated. Obesity is an important cause of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and also an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction and cardiac insufficiency. According to the body mass index [BMI = body weight (kg) / height (m) ~ 2], obesity is divided into three levels by WHO and the German Obesity Association. The incidence of obesity in Germany is on the rise. At present, BMI> 30 accounts for about 17% of the total population. However, after BMI> 30, the mortality rate has risen significantly.